2004
8/2004
Privatization matters: Bank efficiency in transition countries
Author(s): John P.Bonin, Iftekhar Hasan, Paul Wachtel
2004. 39 pages / sivua.
Publisher: Suomen Pankki
ISBN 951-686-898-3 (Printed publication)
ISBN 051-686-899-1 (Web publication)
Search words: P30, P34, P52, John P.Bonin, Iftekhar Hasan, Paul Wachtel
To investigate the impact of bank privatization in transition countries, we take the largest banks in six relatively advanced countries, namely, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Croatia, Hungary, Poland and Romania. Income and balance sheet characteristics are compared across four bank ownership types. Efficiency measures are computed from stochastic frontiers and used in ownership and privatization regressions having dummy variables for bank type. Our empirical results support the hypotheses that foreign-owned banks are most efficient and government-owned banks are least efficient. In addition, the importance of attracting a strategic foreign owner in the privatization process is confirmed. However, counter to the conjecture that foreign banks cream skim, we find that domestic banks have a local advantage in pursuing fee-for-service business. Finally, we show that both the method and the timing of privatization matter to efficiency; specifically, voucher privatization does not lead to increased efficiency and early-privatized banks are more efficient than later-privatized banks even though we find no evidence of a selection effect.
Published in: “Privatization Matters: Bank Performance in Transition Countries,” Journal of Banking and Finance, (29), August-September 2005, pp. 2153-78.